List of alloys
List of Alloys
This is an incomplete list of named alloys grouped alphabetically by base metal. Within these headings they are in no particular order. Some of the main alloying elements are optionally listed after the alloy names.
Alloys of aluminium
Alloys of bismuth
Alloys of cobalt
Alloys of copper
Main articles: Copper and Copper alloys
- Arsenical copper
- Beryllium copper (beryllium)
- Billon (silver)
- Brass (zinc)
- Bronze (tin, aluminium or any other element)
- Constantan (nickel)
- Copper-tungsten (tungsten)
- Corinthian bronze (gold, silver)
- Cunife (nickel, iron)
- Cupronickel (nickel)
- Cymbal alloys (Bell metal) (tin)
- Devarda's alloy (aluminium, zinc)
- Electrum (gold,silver)
- Hepatizon (gold, silver)
- Heusler alloy (manganese, tin)
- Manganin (manganese, nickel)
- Molybdochalkos (lead)
- Nickel silver (nickel)
- Nordic gold (aluminium, zinc, tin)
- Shakudo (gold)
- Tumbaga (gold)
Alloys of gallium
Alloys of gold
The purity of alloys of gold is expressed in carats, which tell you the ratio of the minimum amount of gold (by mass) over 24 parts total. 24 carat gold is fine gold (24/24 parts), and the engineering standard is that it be applied to alloys that have been refined to 99.9% or better purity ("3 Nines Fine"). There are, however, places in the world that allow the claim of 24kt. to alloys with as little as 99.0% gold ("2 Nines Fine" or "Point Nine-nine Fine). An alloy which is 14 parts gold to 10 parts alloy is 14 carat gold, 18 parts gold to 6 parts alloy is 18 carat, etc. This is becoming more commonly and accurately expressed as the result of the ratio, ie: 14/24 equals .585 (rounded off), and 18/24 is .750 ("Seven-fifty Fine").
There are hundreds of possible alloys and mixtures possible, but in general the addition of silver will color gold green, and the addition of copper will color it red. A mix of around 50/50 copper and silver gives the range of yellow gold alloys the public is accustomed to seeing in the marketplace.
Alloys of indium
Alloys of iron
Alloys of lead
Alloys of magnesium
Alloys of mercury
Alloys of nickel
- Alumel (nickel, manganese, aluminium, silicon)
- German silver (copper, zinc)
- Chromel (chromium)
- Hastelloy (molybdenum, chromium, sometimes tungsten)
- Inconel (chromium, iron)
- Monel metal (copper, iron, manganese)
- Nichrome (chromium)
- Nicrosil (chromium, silicon, magnesium)
- Nisil (silicon)
- Nitinol (titanium, shape memory alloy)
- Cupronickel (bronze, copper)
- Alnico (aluminium, cobalt; used in magnets)
- Soft magnetic alloys
- [Ni-C] (Nickel, Carbon)
Alloys of potassium
Rare earth alloys
Alloys of silver
Alloys of titanium
Alloys of tin
Alloys of uranium
Alloys of zinc
Alloys of zirconium
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