On the cutting edge of technology（3-4）
As machine tools became more sophisticated, cutting tools became more complex.
Before World War II, high-speed-steel tooling was used for most metalcutting applications. Although cemented-carbide cutting tips had been around since the 1930s, many machines did not have the rigidity, power, and strength needed to optimize the use of this new tooling. However, with advances in machine-tool technology during the war years, which created more powerful production machines, cemented-carbide cutting tips came into fashion, and indexable inserts became the way to go.
Carboloy Inc.: Inserts ahead of their time
During the years of World War II, America's great Arsenal of Democracy had to meet its production needs without benefit of the high-efficiency cutting tools we now take for granted. In 1940, today's Carboloy Inc. was part of the General Electric Corp. By then, the company had successfully applied cemented-carbide technology to metalcutting tool manufacture, based on developments achieved by GE's Lamp Department.
Carboloy was the first, in the late 1920s, to introduce cemented-carbide inserts for commercial use, along with the toolholders needed to accommodate them.
The carbide cutting tips were a major advancement over the high-speed-steel tooling predominantly in use at that time. In the form of indexable "throwaway" inserts, they provided the economy of multiple cutting edges and low-cost replaceability, along with capabilities for greatly increased metal-removal rates and tool life.
It wasn't long before machine tools specially designed to take advantage of the higher metal-removal rates of these new carbides appeared on the market. New lathes with spindle speeds of 900 rpm appeared, as did boring mills with 1,000-sfm cutting speeds.
Carboloy introduced the first toolholders using screw-down insert retention to accommodate un-ground, disposable inserts with a molded chipbreaker. The company continues to develop new chipgroove geometries, applying CAD/CAM technology to enhance design flexibility and shorten lead times to market.
To accommodate the higher insert temperatures produced by increased speeds, feedrates, and cutting depths, Carboloy was the first to introduce aluminumoxide-coated carbide inserts for the U.S. market. The company has since made major strides in refining both coating technologies and deposition techniques.
Today's industry-wide turn-ing-insert selection programs— such as Carboloy's Secolor program— provide an immense advantage in selecting the right insert grade and chipgroove for an application. Such programs also support levels of metalcutting productivity and reliability that could only have been dreamed about in the past.
(to be continued)
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