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Tungsten content in the crust low abundance of 1.3ppm. Tungsten in nature, exist primarily in a hexavalent cations. Because six divalent cation radius is small, high electricity prices, with strong polarization capability, easy to form a complex anion, the tungsten mainly [WO4] 2 -, and the solution of Fe2 +, Mn2 +, Ca2 + and other cations to form tungstate - wolframite scheelite ore or precipitation. In the supergene effect, due to a more stable tungsten-containing minerals, often forming placer. However, in acidic conditions, the tungsten-containing minerals can be decomposed and dissolved in the form of surface water WO3, sometimes forming tungsten secondary minerals. Sometimes in the form of mineral particles or ions adsorbed by clay or iron and manganese oxides and agglomeration in shale, argillaceous sandstone and thin seam of iron and manganese. In the mineralization process can and [WO4] 2 - with only a few cationic, mainly Ca, Fe, Mn, Pb divalent ions, followed by Cu, Zn, Al, Fe, Y and other trivalent ions, Therefore mineral species is limited.

 It has been found tungsten tungsten minerals and 20 kinds of minerals: tungsten ore, tungsten ore, wolframite, scheelite, molybdenum scheelite scheelite copper, tungsten China, China Water tungsten, tungsten Chinese high-speed rail , yttrium tungsten China, copper tungsten China, water tungsten bauxite. Unusual tungsten tungsten minerals are galena, galena oblique tungsten, molybdenum, tungsten, lead, tungsten, zinc, tungsten, bismuth, antimony pyrochlore tungsten, titanium, yttrium thorium ore (tungsten), sulfur, tungsten ore and so on. Despite the discovery of tungsten and tungsten-containing minerals have more than 20 kinds of minerals, but with the development of value only wolframite and scheelite.

 Wolframite (Fe, Mn) WO4, containing WO3 76%, the crystallization temperature of 320-240 ℃. Crystal plate shape, color is brownish black to black, semi-metallic luster or resinous luster. Hardness and a knife similar to the proportion of 7.5, it is often associated with white quartz together form wolframite quartz veins.

 Scheelite tungsten ore, also known as calcium, calcium tungstate mineral CaWO4, containing WO3 80.6%, scheelite crystallization temperature of 300-200 ℃. Gray, oil sheen, a knife can be engraved move with quartz somewhat similar. But scheelite than quartz soft, rather than quartz weight more than twice the proportion of six. With fluorescent lighting, scheelite emits a beautiful light blue fluorescence, which is easy to test an effective means of scheelite.

Tungsten deposit types, if division by a combination of mineral elements, there are W-(Sn, Bi, Mo), W-Be, W-(Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag), W-Nb-Ta, W-Au- Sb, W-Li, W-Cu-Fe, W-REE other types. Its industrial type of quartz vein type wolframite deposits (Guangdong pit saws, Jiangxi Dajishan etc.), porphyry tungsten ore (veinlets disseminated type, greisen) (Guangdong and Jiangxi Yang Chu Lotus Mountain Ridge), blasting breccia-type tungsten deposit (Jiangxi Grand Wu Tong), scheelite skarn deposits (Yaogangxian, Hunan, Jiangxi Lu Shan, Gansu Xiaoliugou) to silicon-based layer skarn controlled multi due to superimposed (Hunan Shizhuyuan), stratabound (Damingshan) and placer type.

 Tungsten ore industry types and the physical and chemical nature of the rock, such as tungsten granitic rocks in contact with carbonate build-formed skarn or similar silicon scheelite skarn deposits; while with sand argillaceous rocks formed when rock exposure disseminated type, veinlets disseminated type, vein type, breccia pipe type wolframite deposits. Tungsten metallogenic zoning phenomenon tend to have, in the horizontal direction, from the inside out sequentially appear Ⅰ - tungsten and tin belt, Ⅱ - tungsten mineralization, Ⅲ - tungsten polymetallic belt. In the vertical direction, the ore body has a "five-story" of evolution.

 Tungsten ore industry indicators: 1) large quartz vein type, cutoff grade WO3 0.08-0.10%, the lowest industrial grade WO3 0.12-0.15%; 2) fine quartz - stockwork type stratabound skarn type, cutoff grade WO3 0.10%, the lowest industrial grade WO3 0.15-0.20%, with stone removed 2-3 meters mineable thickness of 1-2 meters.

 Typically useful components associated tungsten deposit tin, molybdenum, bismuth, copper, lead, zinc, antimony, gold, silver, cobalt, beryllium, lithium, niobium, tantalum, rare earth, sulfur, phosphorus, arsenic, a piezoelectric crystal, melting crystals and fluorite. Among them, sulfur, phosphorus, arsenic, aluminum, calcium, manganese, copper, tin, silicon, iron, antimony, tin, lead, zinc and other elements as hazardous.

China has proven tungsten deposits mainly in the Nanling region, of which the most important Jiangxi and Hunan Guangdong. In recent years, the North Qilian - Beishan area discovered large deposits of tungsten, tungsten deposits changed the Chinese industrial distribution pattern. At present, the Chinese tungsten ore reserves in the world, as more than 30 countries abroad, total reserves (1.3 million tons) more than three times. But China rich tungsten deposits (WO3 containing more than 0.5% or 1%) is not much, mostly the poor refractory deposits. Another major producer of tungsten are Canada and the United States. County of Hunan Province Chen Shizhuyuan is a "World Nonferrous Metals museum", with more than 140 kinds of minerals, including tungsten ore reserves accounted for a quarter of the current world's total reserves.

 Therefore, our country around the world tungsten market prices. Currently tungsten ore resources development strictly strictly controlled by the state.

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